Introduction of circular stacker and reclaimer
一,Summary
Circular gantry scraper stacker and reclaimer is mainly used in
building materials, coal, metallurgy, electric power, port and
other industries, and is mostly used to stack limestone or coal and
other bulk materials. The cantilever of the stacker is equipped
with a belt conveyor, which passes through the steel structure grid
roof of the circular stockyard from the belt conveyor on the
trestle, and the input materials complete the ring conical stacking
through the belt conveyor on the cantilever of the stacker; The
reclaimer completes the reclaiming work via three linkinge
processes: traveling system, luffing system and scraper system. The
scraper reclaimer scrapes the materials into the conical hopper
under the central column along the slope of the pile, and outputs
the materials through the vibrating feeder and underground belt
conveyor.
二, Main components of circular stacker and reclaimer
1. Stacking steel structure, cantilever belt conveyor
The cantilever stacker takes the central column as the center, one
end is the belt conveyor with cantilever steel structure, and the
other end is the counterweight box. The middle stacking slewing
part is connected with the central column by slewing bearing, and
the stacker can rotate by meshing the pinion on the slewing driver
with the gear on the central column. The materials entering the
circular stockyard are unloaded at the head of the cantilever belt
conveyor and directly stacked to the stockyard. The stacker rotates
at a certain angle for slope stacking until it is stacked into an
annular pile.
There are two main structural types of cantilever stacker,
cantilever fixed type and cantilever luffing type.
Comparison of the two types of stacker :
(1)The advantages of the fixed stacker are simple structure and low
cost. The disadvantage is that when the lower part of the stacker
is not stacked or the material pile is low, the difference is huge,
and the dust in the stockyard is more serious (even with spray
system).
(2)The luffing stacker using the hydraulic cylinder to raise or
lower the cantilever . Its advantage is cantilever can raise up and
down according to the stacking height to reduce the material drop
and avoid dust flying. As well, it can reduce the height of the
central column and reduce the cost. The disadvantage is that the
structure is more complex.
2.King column and slewing mechanism of circular stacker and
reclaimer
(1) The king column of the stacker reclaimer is located in the
center of the circular stockyard. It is an important component of
the stacker reclaimer. It not only bears the load of the main
components and the input trestle, but also is the installation
center of the components. Therefore, its manufacturing and
installation process requirements are very high. It is made of
steel plate rolled into a cylindrical shape and welded and
assembled. The utility model is provided with a stacking steel
structure, a rolling bearing for the stacking rotary part and a
cable drag connecting various equipment components
(2)The top of the king column is the stacking rotary part, the
upper part of which is connected with the belt conveyor trestle
entering the circular stockyard through the rotary bearing and
serves as a support point for the trestle load, and the lower part
is connected with the middle column through the rotary bearing.
(3)In order to enable the slewing bearing device to bear large
vertical force, horizontal force and overturning moment, the
slewing bearing support type is adopted. The rotary bearing is
protected by a dust cover. Its structure can adapt to the harsh
working environment and has the functions of dust prevention, water
immersion prevention, refueling, cleaning and maintenance.
3.Gantry stacker
The gantry scraper reclaimer is mainly composed of gantry,
traveling mechanism, reclaiming luffing mechanism and scraper
reclaimer. The gantry is the main component of the rotation,
luffing and load support of the scraper reclaimer. The scraper
reclaimer is set under the gantry. The luffing mechanism adopts
mechanical winch type, and one end of the gantry is connected with
the central column by roller bearing, The other end is supported on
the circular track on the upper part of the stockyard retaining
wall, and the rotation of the reclaimer is driven by the traveling
wheel on the circular track. The gantry reclaimer has a robust
structure, and most of the weight of the gantry is borne by the
retaining wall, which significantly improves the stress state of
the central column and makes the operation more reliable .
The traveling mechanism is composed of driving wheel group,
traveling electrical detection and control system and lubrication
system. Considering the requirements of two-way movement of the
swing gantry under the most unfavorable conditions, two traveling
wheels are used as the driving wheels. The wheel set is
mechanically driven by variable frequency speed regulation.
Stepless speed regulation of working travel speed and non working
travel speed (in order to ensure the normal and safe operation of
circular stacker reclaimer, set slow and fast speeds respectively
according to the on-site operation conditions, i.e. working travel
speed and non working travel speed). In order to ensure that the
stress of the gantry is reasonable and the wheel pressure of each
wheel group under the gantry is the same, the gantry is hinged with
the two wheel groups, and each hinge point adopts through shaft
type. In addition, the joint bearing is used at the connection
between the gantry and the walking structure to ensure that the
gantry can automatically adapt to the change of track. The
lubrication of each supporting bearing and hinge shaft of the
traveling mechanism adopts grease centralized lubrication.
4.Reclaimer luffing mechanism:
The luffing mechanism is composed of driving device, drum assembly,
double steel wire rope and pitching electrical detection and
control system. The luffing operation of scraper reclaimer is
completed through the pitching mechanism, so as to achieve the
purpose of layered reclaiming.
The luffing mechanism using double steel wire rope single winding,
and the balance mechanism is adopted at the intersection of the two
steel wire ropes to ensure that the stress of the left and right
steel wire ropes is balanced and the work is safer.
The driving device of the luffing mechanism is mechanically driven
by frequency conversion and speed regulation to accurately control
the amplitude variation, so as to control the change of the
reclaiming amount. In order to ensure the safety and accurate and
reliable positioning of the pitching mechanism, the driving device
adopts double braking system
5.Scraper reclaimer
(1) The scraper reclaimer adopts a sprocket to drive the roller
chain, and then the roller chain drives the scraper to reclaim.
This method has large traction, small linear resistance and
durability. It is a reclaiming method integrating reclaiming and
transportation.
(2)The scraper is fixed on the double chain mechanism, and the
sprocket is driven by the motor at the rear for circular movement.
The scraper scrapes the materials at the lower part of the stacker
into the conical hopper at the lower part of the king column.
(3) The scraper adopts the folded plate structure with forward
inclination on both sides, which is welded by steel plate and has
sufficient strength and stiffness. There are scraping teeth on both
sides of the scraper. This structure can cut the material laterally
most effectively, and the scraper does not stick to the material
and has no return. The scraper body and roller chain are connected
by high-strength bolts, which is convenient for maintenance and
disassembly. The chain can be divided into built-in chain and
external chain according to the placement position of the roller.
Compared with the built-in chain, the external chain has the
advantages of low noise and maintenance free
(4)The scraper driving device is composed of motor, reducer,
hydraulic coupling, etc. The driving device is impact resistant and
convenient for maintenance. The driving device is equipped with
electrical double safety and overload protection, and is equipped
with good shock absorption device.
(5) The tensioning device of the scraper reclaimer is set at the
head sprocket. The tensioning device is hydraulic tensioning, with
constant tension and easy operation and adjustment.
6.Hydraulic system
The hydraulic system of stacker reclaimer mainly includes stacker
luffing hydraulic system, scraper chain tensioning hydraulic system
and belt conveyor manual tensioning hydraulic system
The luffing control hydraulic system is composed of main pump motor
unit, control valve unit, oil cylinder, oil tank assembly,
hydraulic accessories and hydraulic pipelines. The pipeline of the
luffing cylinder is equipped with a pipeline rupture safety valve
and a safety valve group.
The tensioning cylinder control hydraulic system is composed of
pump motor group, control valve group, accumulator, oil cylinder,
oil tank assembly, hydraulic accessories and hydraulic pipelines.
The tension of the tensioning cylinder can be adjusted by the
corresponding pressure reducing valve.
7. Lubrication system
The centralized lubrication system of stacker reclaimer is composed
of stacker mechanism, reclaimer mechanism, scraper conveying
sprocket mechanism (built-in chain) and open gear mechanism.
Lubricating points of the stacking mechanism: upper and lower
slewing large bearings, oil cylinder hinge points, stacking arm
hinge points and drum bearings. Lubrication method: automatic
double line / progressive hybrid centralized lubrication system,
with PLC control.
Lubrication points of reclaiming mechanism: lower rotary large
bearing, luffing pulley block of reclaiming arm, traveling
mechanism, etc.
Lubrication method: automatic double line / progressive hybrid
centralized lubrication system, with PLC control.
The oil dropping lubrication system of scraper conveying sprocket
consists of oil tank, liquid level switch, electromagnetic switch,
oil dropping regulating valve and pipeline accessories, which
mainly realizes the oil lubrication of scraper conveying chain on
both sides.
Lubrication method: automatic oil dripping lubrication, adjustable
oil dripping amount, and PLC control
Rotary open gear lubrication mode: automatic oil dripping
lubrication, and the lubrication amount is controlled by PLC.
8.Water spray dust controlled system
The water spray dust controlled system on the stacker reclaimer is
composed of booster pump, pipeline, filter, manual valve, electric
valve, check valve, automatic drain valve, pressure gauge,
flowmeter, water level gauge and spray nozzle group.
The position and function of nozzle group are as follows:
Around the outside of the lower hopper at the head of the arm
stacking belt conveyor, the nozzle group sprays water to form an
umbrella water curtain to control the dust generated by stacking in
the spray.
2) The material receiving of the cantilever stacking belt conveyor
is enclosed in the guide chute. Spray water on the nozzle group to
control the dust in the closed guide chute.
3) Auxiliary spray system: it is mainly composed of two remote
sprayers, which are installed at the central column of the stacker
reclaimer. The head of the auxiliary stacker arm can effectively
suppress the dust in the stockyard.
9.specification of gantry bucket wheel stacker and reclaimer
